iGeo 2012, Писмен тест — Задача 11. Section B: Impacts of Coastal Development
Written Response Test — Question and Answer Booklet — 9th International Geography Olympiad — Cologne, Germany — 21–27 August 2012 · 21 август 2012 г. · 9 т.
Внимание: Бележка към темата
The Source Booklet (Sources A1–F1) referred to in the questions is not part of this paper's files; only the copies of Source B1 Maps A and B and Sources E1 and E3 printed in the answer booklet are reproduced.
Instructions for the students
- This test consists of 6 sections.
- The maximum total mark is 90. The mark for each question is given at the beginning of the question.
There are a maximum of 15 marks for each section. - Give only the required number of answers (reasons, examples, et cetera). For instance, if the question asks for 2 reasons and you give more than 2, only the first 2 reasons will be marked.
- Answer all questions in the spaces provided in this booklet.
- Check the backs of pages as questions are printed on both sides of a page.
- Fill in your name, team and student number on the front page of this booklet.
- Fill in your iGeo student number in the boxes on top of the pages in this booklet.
- The Source Booklet contains the maps and figures referred to in the questions.
- Time: 180 minutes for non-native English speakers; 150 minutes for native English speakers.
- Non-native English speakers may use bilingual dictionaries during the test.
- You may use a calculator during the test.
- You may use the atlas provided during the test.
Good luck!
Marking scheme - overview
| section A | section B | section C | section D | section E | section F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 - 2m | 1 - 1m | 1 - 3m | 1 - 3m | 1 - 4m | 1 - 4m |
| 2 - 1m | 2 - 1m | 2 - 3m | 2 - 8m | 2 - 1m | 2 - 2m |
| 3 - 4m | 3 - 1m | 3 - 3m | 3 - 4m | 3 - 3m | 3 - 3m |
| 4 - 1m | 4 - 9m | 4 - 2m | 4 - 1m | 4 - 6m | |
| 5 - 1m | 5 - 3m | 5 - 4m | 5 - 1m | ||
| 6 - 2m | 6 - 3m | ||||
| 7 - 4m | 7 - 2 m | ||||
| 15 marks | 15 marks | 15 marks | 15 marks | 15 marks | 15 marks |
Условие
Study Source B1 in the Source Booklet.
Identify 6 features of the proposed development shown in Source B1 Map B. Explain how each of these features will potentially impact on the natural environment. Include in your answer a range of different environmental impacts. Use the table below to record your answers.
| Feature | Impact on natural environment |
|---|---|
| 1: | … |
| 2: | … |
| 3: | … |
| 4: | … |
| 5: | … |
| 6: | … |
Решение
9 marks
6 of samples below – ½ mark for identifying a development element and one mark for saying what it’s impact is and why. (e.g. destroying sandbank at river mouth (1/2 mark) , and extra ½ mark for saying how (e.g straightening the river will increase its flow rate).
- Straightening the river - will increase the river’s flow rate and destroy the natural sandbank near the river’s mouth
- Construction of the causeway – increased turbidity during construction will kill seagrass beds. Construction of the causeway will physically destroy the seagrass beds that were located where the causeway is built. The causeway will interfere with natural sand movement, causing accumulation of sand in some areas and erosion in others. Accumulation of sand would also smother seagrass beds.
- New industrial area and sugar mill – likelihood of increase in polluted run-off into the sea, damaging seagrass beds and reef; also likely to affect air pollution because of heavy vehicle traffic
- Resort apartments replacing vegetable plots – this could have a potentially positive impact as run-off from fertilizer may be reduced, if sewage from the resort apartments is properly treated.
- New docks – increased shipping is likely to have a negative impact on water quality and so impact on the seagrass and reef ecosystems
- Holiday villas on Melo Islands – depending on the prior condition of these islands, the villas may displace natural ecosystems
- Expansion of the town – greater population is likely to cause more pollution to flow into the sea, damaging seagrass beds and reefs
- Upgrading roads – air pollution from increased traffic, water pollution from road run-off, given proximity to sea
- Hotel landfill area - Moving sediments to create new land will increase the turbidity of the water, and directly affect the photosynthesis process of the coral reef. Construction of the landfill area will physically destroy the reefs that were located where the landfill area is built.
- Hotel’s sewage outfall (or hotel) - The hotel/chalet complex will put sewage and pollutants into the sea, and damage the reef and seagrass ecosystems.
- Reclamation destroys the sea grass and the reef, etc.
Оригинал в Архива: 2012WRTQandA.pdf · официални решения: 2012WRTmarkingscheme.pdf