iGeo 2013, Писмен тест — Задача 20. Section D: World Energy Production — Question 7
10th International Geography Olympiad — Kyoto, Japan — 30 July – 5 August 2013 — Written Response Test — Question and Answer Booklet · 30 юли 2013 г. · 3 т.
Корица
Do NOT open the Booklet before instructed to do so by a supervisor.
Name: … Team: …
Student number: …
Instructions for the Students
- Fill in your name, team and iGeo student number on the front page of this Question and Answer Booklet.
- Fill in your iGeo student number in the boxes on top of the pages in this Booklet.
- This test consists of 6 Sections.
- The maximum total mark is 90. The mark for each question is given at the beginning of the question.
There are a maximum of 15 marks for each Section. - Answer all questions in the spaces provided in this Booklet.
- Check the backs of pages as questions are printed on both sides of a page.
- Give only the required number of answers (reasons, examples, etc.). For instance, if the question asks for 2 reasons and you give more than 2, only the first 2 reasons will be marked.
- You must use the Diercke International Atlas during the test where referred to in the questions and at your convenience.
- The Resource Booklet contains Sources referred to in the questions.
- You may use a calculator during the test.
- Time: 180 minutes for students not educated in English, 150 minutes for students educated in English.
- Students not educated in English are allowed to use bilingual dictionaries during the test.
Good luck!
Instructions for the Markers
- Check if the iGeo Student Numbers are on each sheet before dividing up the paper.
- This test consists of 6 Sections.
- One whole Section per marker and double-checker.
- Check whether the answer continues outside designated area. No credits will be given to answers in the Resource Booklet.
- The maximum total mark is 90. The mark for each question is given at the beginning of the question.
There are a maximum of 15 marks for each Section. - Get the hang of the full range of answers by reading through a few papers with your co-marker before you start your marking.
- These answers are not exhaustive. Credit any relevant answer.
- Mark only the required number of answers (reasons, examples, etc.). For instance, if the question asks for 2 reasons and there is more than 2, only the first 2 reasons will be marked.
- Put your mark next to the question number in the column on the left – it eases the work of the person who has to put the numbers into MS Excel. Total the marks by the title of the Section.
- Usually whole marks with only these exceptions: A1, B1, C3, E6.
- The Moderators (Sue and Anu) will sample the marking of all teams.
Условие
Discuss ways in which governments can reduce the amount of energy used in their countries.
Решение
Answer: 3 marks.
This answer should be written as a discussion not as a list of points. The following may be some of the points they introduce into their discussion.
- They can put taxes on less efficient types of fuel to make it more expensive for people to use.
- They can subsidise/fund research into the production of more products that use fuel more efficiently, e.g. cars, fridges.
- They can subsidise public transport to reduce the number of car journeys.
- They can subsidise freight rail transport as it uses much less energy than trucks to move the same amount of goods.
- They can fund research into designing houses with passive heating and cooling and subsidise their building.
- They can fund research/subsidise the development of more energy-efficient industrial processes, e.g. more efficient aluminium smelters.
- They can subsidise the cost of more efficient energy types for consumers at the point of sale.
- They can fund research into more efficient fuel types.
Example answer
Governments can use incentives to encourage consumers to use more efficient forms of energy by subsidising their production e.g. energy efficient cars.
They can fund research into the production of more products that use fuel more efficiently, e.g. fridges or they can legislate against or ban items that use energy inefficiently e.g. light bulbs.
Оригинал в Архива: 2013KyotoWRTQuestionAndAnswerBooklet.pdf · официални решения: 2013KyotoWRTMarkingScheme.docx