IAO 2011, Практически тур, Група α — Задача 6. Saturn 2010

XVI International Astronomy Olympiad. Round Prac. Group α. Practical round. Problems to solve · 22 септември 2011 г.

Внимание: Бележка към темата

The p7 grading allocations printed in the shared key sum to 80%; the remaining 20% is not specified. The key also prints an unparenthesized flux-ratio expression; the source expression and stated radius ratio are both retained. The December 23 question photograph says LCM 237°, while the p6 solution table uses 287°. Both values are preserved with an explicit note.

Условие

Left: photograph of Saturn with the heading „САТУРН 2010“ and the label „20101217 1020 261“; a horizontal chord across the disk through the GND is divided by a tick into segments a and b. Right: scheme of a circle (view from the North) with a horizontal chord divided into a, dX and b, a vertical radius R and a slanted line marked dL.

You are provided with a series of Saturn images. Find the rotational period for Saturn, and the velocity and the direction of the movement of unique formation in the atmosphere of Saturn – Great Northern Disturbance (GND), which appeared on December 8, 2010.

6.1. Use measurements of two images on Saturn on 13 December 2010 to determine the rotational period T for Saturn from the angular change of the GND position during the time interval between two images.

6.2. Plot from all measurements of the GND core a graph showing how the core longitude L depends on time t. The time should be expressed in hours and parts of hours. Set the time of the first image as zero time (0.0h0.0^{\mathrm{h}}). The inclination of the graph must show the direction and the angular velocity of GND.

6.3. Determine the value of radius R=(a+b)/2 at the GND latitude in kilometers and determine the linear velocity of the GMD core latitude in kilometers using the graph that shows L vs t.

You may neglect the tilt of the equator to the line of sight (the direction Earth-Saturn). In the images north is up. Saturn’s equatorial radius R0=60266R_0 = 60266 km. The planet is rotating counterclockwise if you look from the north pole, or from left to right in the images. The longitude of the central meridian of the planet increases following the planet’s rotation. It means that L increases from right to left in the images.

Data on the images: date (2010, December, day), time UT (h, m), and LCM, the longitude of the central meridian (in degrees) in system of coordinates of planet.

On the above drawing you can see the scheme (a view from the North), R is the radius on the GND latitude. Evidently R<R0R < R_0.

Image of Saturn with rings, bright GND spot on the northern hemisphere; label „20101210 1814 257“.
Colour image of Saturn with rings and the bright GND spot left of centre; label „20101213 2032 242“.
Colour image of Saturn with rings and the bright GND spot right of centre; label „20101213 2136 278“.
Colour image of Saturn with rings and the GND spot near the central meridian; label „20101214 1831 265“.
Colour image of Saturn with rings and the elongated GND spot near centre; label „20101217 1020 261“.
Colour image of Saturn with rings and the extended GND spot near centre; label „20101223 1619 237“.
Colour image of Saturn with rings and the extended GND spot near centre; label „20101226 1858 289“.

Отговори

Решение


Оригинал в Архива: alphapract.pdf · официални решения: alpha6sol.doc · допълнителни данни: alphabeta7sol.doc